Uniform Resource Name URN

The URN (Uniform Resource Name) is a unique identifier for internet resources. It can be used as a stable reference to URLs (Uniform Resource Locator or «link» on the internet). The URN can replace a URL in library catalogues or in other listing systems and can also be used as a stable reference within documents.

The Swiss National Library assigns URNs on the basis of the NBN (National Bibliography Number). The domain NBN is the result of a common initiative of national libraries in the context of the CDNL (Conference of Directors of National Libraries) and the CENL (Conference of European National Librarians).

URN Coordination Service

For questions regarding the URN, you can contact the URN Coordination Service at the Swiss National Library:

URN Handbook (in German)

In one document:

By chapters:

02, Glossar (PDF, 40 kB, 16.02.2011)The glossary explains the terms and abbreviations used in the URN Handbook.

03, Einführung (PDF, 329 kB, 22.03.2021)The term URN is explained in the introduction and the handbook's outline is provided.

04, Aufbau einer URN (PDF, 312 kB, 22.03.2021)The organization and name of the individual parts of the URN are explained in this chapter.

05, Auflösung (PDF, 287 kB, 22.03.2021)This chapter describes how a URN operates.

06, URN-Policy der Schweizerischen Nationalbibliothek (PDF, 546 kB, 10.05.2021)The URN policy at the NL clarifies the term URN and explains URN issuance. It compiles some of the chapters of the URN Handbook.

07, URN-Vergabe-Szenarien im Hochschulbereich Schweiz (PDF, 50 kB, 23.08.2010)The individual URN issuance scenarios are listed and described in this chapter. It may serve as a decision-making tool for institutions of higher learning in Switzerland, that want to systematically assign URNs to digital objects for long term storage.

08, URN-Vergabestellen im Hochschulbereich Schweiz (PDF, 555 kB, 22.03.2021)This chapter outlines the requirements placed on an institution of higher learning in Switzerland in order to qualify for issuing URNs, how to register at the NL, implementation, obligations as well as costs.

09, URN-Bezüger im Hochschulbereich Schweiz (PDF, 328 kB, 22.03.2021)This chapter outlines the requirements placed on an institution of higher learning in Switzerland to order URNs, how to register at an office for issuing URNs, implementation, obligations as well as costs.

10, URN-Bezüger ausserhalb des Hochschulbereichs Schweiz (PDF, 326 kB, 22.03.2021)This chapter outlines the requirements placed on an institution not considered an institution of higher learning in Switzerland to order a URN, how to register at the NL, technical implementation, obligations as well as costs.

11, URN-Koordinationsstelle (PDF, 337 kB, 22.03.2021)This chapter explains the duties and workflows of the URN office of coordination.

12, Arbeitsinstrumente (PDF, 358 kB, 22.03.2021)This chapter lists tools available at the NL.

13, Abläufe e-Helvetica (PDF, 46 kB, 23.08.2010)This chapter portrays individual situations that may arise when issuing a URN, depicts the setup for Ingest e-Helvetica and describes the corresponding workflows at the NL.

Further documentation and links on the subject of URN

Instructions for the use of the URN-Generator, version 1.0, 30th March 2005 (in German) (PDF, 33 kB, 04.06.2008)The URN-Generator is a simple programme used for the allocation of URNs using the “National Bibliography Number” (NBN).

URN-Generator ZIP file (in German) (ZIP, 61 kB, 04.06.2008)File ZIP for the URN-Generator to be downloaded.

Last modification 23.01.2023

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